Answer: The largest river island in the world, located in the Brahmaputra River in India, is called Majuli Island. It is known for its rich culture, biodiversity, and is a hub of Neo-Vaishnavite culture. Majuli Island is situated in the northeastern state of Assam, India.
Majuli Island, often referred to simply as Majuli, is indeed the largest river island in the world. This unique landmass is located in the Brahmaputra River, which flows through the northeastern part of India, particularly in the state of Assam. Majuli is a remarkable and culturally significant place known for its rich traditions, biodiversity, and the unique way of life of its inhabitants.
The island covers an area of approximately 352 square kilometers (about 136 square miles), although its size can vary due to seasonal changes in the water levels of the Brahmaputra River. During the monsoon season, much of Majuli can become submerged, but in drier times, the island’s land area becomes more evident.
Majuli is not only significant for its geographical size but also for its cultural heritage. It has long been associated with the Neo-Vaishnavite movement, a religious and cultural revivalist movement inspired by the teachings of the 15th-century saint and scholar, Srimanta Sankardev. The island is home to numerous Vaishnavite monasteries, locally known as “satras,” which play a vital role in preserving and promoting the cultural and spiritual traditions of the region.
The culture of Majuli is deeply intertwined with music, dance, drama, and various traditional art forms. The people of Majuli, primarily of the Mishing tribe, practice agriculture, handloom weaving, and fishing, which are integral to their way of life.
Majuli’s natural environment is as remarkable as its cultural heritage. The island boasts diverse flora and fauna, and it is an essential part of the Brahmaputra River’s ecosystem. It serves as a crucial nesting ground for various bird species, including several endangered and migratory birds. The wetlands and riverine habitats surrounding the island make it a vital ecological zone.
However, Majuli is not without its challenges. Erosion caused by the Brahmaputra River’s ever-changing course threatens the island’s existence, and portions of the island have been lost to erosion over the years. Efforts are underway to address this issue, including embankment construction and afforestation projects.
Majuli Island’s cultural and environmental significance has drawn attention from around the world. It was declared a district in 2016 to enhance its administrative focus and promote development. Majuli’s unique blend of culture, spirituality, and natural beauty continues to attract researchers, artists, and tourists, making it a truly exceptional place on the global map.